November 27, 2017 — Few people eat menhaden, or mossbunkers, so the foot-long fish is familiar mainly to those who use it for bait to catch bigger fish such as striped bass. Lots of other animals, such as ospreys and dolphins, eat them, too, and people also use them for fish-oil supplements, feed for aquaculture and bait for lobsters.
The management of such a beneficial fish is therefore crucial to many human and wildlife interests. Half a century ago, menhaden were superabundant, and as much as 712 million metric tons of menhaden was caught and mostly used for fertilizer. That led to a population crash and the fishery collapsed.
Since the 1990s and the advent of fisheries management, which included the closing of the menhaden fishery for a time, the menhaden population along the Atlantic Coast has recovered significantly. Stock assessments show the biomass of Atlantic menhaden more than doubling to about 1.2 million tons.
This month, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission updated its menhaden management plan, taking into account the increasing menhaden stock.
The commission was heavily lobbied by the fishing industry and by a coalition of environmentalists and sport-fishing interests led by a unit of the Pew Charitable Trusts.