October 27, 2016 — One of Poland’s greatest and most sacred works of art might not be there if not for the actions of a Gloucester fisherman and other Americans during World War II.
Curtis Dagley on Thursday will receive the Bene Merito medal from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland for his part in returning to Poland cultural treasures plundered by Nazi Germany. The honor also recognizes the imprisonment he suffered at the hands of the Communist authorities of Poland.
Drafted in 1945, the 18-year-old Dagley was a private when he was assigned a special mission in 1946. He was not told any details of the job.
He found himself one of 12 guards aboard a special train from Nuremberg, Germany, to Krakow, Poland, guarding artworks plundered by the Nazis in 1939, including a 15th century altarpiece hand-carved by Bavarian sculptor Veit Stoss. The works had been recovered by a special commission, known as The Monuments Men, which included Lanesville sculptor Walker Hancock, and were being returned to their owners.
The largest such Gothic piece in the world, the Voss altar measures 43 feet high (about four stories) by 36 feet wide when the two side panels are opened completely at the altar of St. Mary’s Church in Krakow. The revered altarpiece tells the story of the role of Mary in the expiation of the sins of the world by her son Jesus Christ. Some 200 incredibly realistic figures, some 12 feet tall, adorn it. It has been compared in its significance to the Polish nation to the U.S. Liberty Bell.
The return of the treasures coincided with and became a focal point of the Third of May anticommunist demonstrations in Poland in 1946.
Five days after the train’s arrival, Dagley was arrested at random by the Communist-controlled Polish security police, accused of shooting a Polish militiaman during an incident involving a woman. Another officer admitted to the shooting, but to protect artifacts still on the train, U.S. officers decided to say nothing; they told Dagley he’d be in jail a week.